Applications of Microsatellites and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms for the Genetic Characterization of Cattle and Small Ruminants: An Overview

The status of genetic diversity, adaptation to climate change or the identification genes associated with traits interest in livestock populations has been a major concern for scientists last decades. Biotechnology evolved continuously, offering new tools and methodologies analyse genomes species. Biochemical markers protein polymorphisms were used population studies many years ago, but over three decades available have changed notably. development DNA molecular markers, especially microsatellites Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, opened possibilities better understanding genomes, unthinkable until recently. However, Whole-Genome Sequencing technologies genome editing techniques are changing way interact even before full advantage can be taken all open by group markers. aim this review is summarize opportunities through analysis cattle small ruminant populations, namely most widely few years, including Polymorphisms.